AI Frontier Institute

Requires policing agencies to conduct an inventory of, and develop a publicly-available policy for, any artificial intelligence used to aid criminal investigations.

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New York Senate Bill 10425 amends the Executive Law by adding Section 837-ww to regulate how policing agencies use artificial intelligence in criminal investigations. The bill defines 'covered AI' broadly to include technologies such as biometric identification, facial recognition, license plate readers, predictive policing tools, gunshot detection, and generative AI used to write police reports, while excluding administrative tools like spelling checkers or document management software. Under subdivision 2, agencies must publish a publicly available disclosure at least 90 days before deploying any new covered AI system, including the vendor name, system capabilities and limitations, data inputs and outputs, authorized and unauthorized uses, and internal validation summaries. Agencies already using covered AI must publish disclosures within 180 days of the law's effective date. Under subdivision 3, any use of covered AI in a criminal investigation must be documented in the police report and disclosed to the prosecuting attorney and the individual under investigation. Police reports generated using generative AI must include a disclaimer, an author certification of accuracy, and an audit trail. Under subdivision 4, the Attorney General must create and post a model policy within 90 days, and each police agency must adopt that policy or an equivalent within 90 days of its issuance. Under subdivision 5, enforcement may be pursued by the Attorney General or by private civil action, with prevailing plaintiffs entitled to attorney's fees, provided 90 days' written notice of the alleged violation is given before filing suit.

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